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The Vaccinia Virus N1L Protein Influences Cytokine Secretion in Vitro after Infection
Author(s) -
ZHANG ZHOUNING,
ABRAHAMS MELISSAROSE,
HUNT LAWRENCE A.,
SUTTLES JILL,
MARSHALL WILLIAM,
LAHIRI DEBOMOY K.,
KOTWAL GIRISH J.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1196/annals.1352.005
Subject(s) - vaccinia , virology , secretion , in vitro , virus , cytokine , orthopoxvirus , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , chemistry , immunology , biochemistry , gene , recombinant dna
The vaccinia virus N1L ORF encodes a protein that enhances virulence and replication of the virus by an unknown mechanism. It has been studied for its ability to enhance viral replication and dissemination in the brain and more recently has been linked to an immunomodulatory role in which it inhibits the activation of cytokine transcription activators in Toll‐like receptor signaling pathways after pathogen recognition. The effect of N1L on the release of cytokines from human primary monocytes was investigated. Secretion of the proinflammatory, antiviral cytokines TNF‐α, IL‐1β, IFN‐α, IFN‐β, and the anti‐inflammatory cytokine IL‐10 was found to be inhibited by the presence of the N1L protein.