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PACAP, VIP, and PHI
Author(s) -
DEJDA AGNIESZKA,
JOZWIAKBEBENISTA MARTA,
NOWAK JERZY Z.
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
annals of the new york academy of sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.712
H-Index - 248
eISSN - 1749-6632
pISSN - 0077-8923
DOI - 10.1196/annals.1317.018
Subject(s) - vasoactive intestinal peptide , phospholipase c , adenylyl cyclase , second messenger system , receptor , phosphatidic acid , signal transduction , cyclase , phospholipase d , adenylate kinase , chemistry , endocrinology , biology , medicine , neuropeptide , biochemistry , phospholipid , membrane
Pituitary adenylate cyclase‐activating polypeptide (PACAP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and peptide histidine‐isoleucine (PHI) are members of a superfamily of structurally related peptides widely distributed in the body and displaying pleiotropic biological activities. All these peptides are known to act via common receptors—VPAC1 and VPAC2. In addition, the effects of PACAP are mediated through its specific receptor named PAC1. The main signal transduction pathway of the mentioned receptors is adenylyl cyclase (AC)→cAMP system. PACAP and VIP may also signal through receptor‐linked phospholipase C (PLC)→IP3/DAG→PKC and phospholipase D (PLD)→phosphatidic acid (PA) pathways. In the present article, we have studied the effects of PACAP, VIP, and PHI (0.001–5000 nM) on the AC‐, PLC‐, and PLD‐driven signaling pathways in rat primary glial cell (astrocytes) cultures. All tested peptides dose‐dependently and strongly stimulated cyclic adenosine 3´,5´‐monophosphate (cAMP) production in this experimental model, displaying the following rank order of potency: PACAP >> VIP ≥ PHI. Their effects on PLC‐IP3/DAG were weaker, while only PACAP and VIP (0.1‐5 μM) significantly stimulated PLD activity. The obtained results showed that rat cerebral cortex‐derived astrocytes are responsive to PACAP, VIP and PHI/PHM and possess PAC1 and likely VPAC‐type receptors linked to activation of AC‐cAMP‐, PLC‐IP3/DAG‐, and PLD‐PA signaling systems.