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Identification of a phenotypically and functionally distinct population of long‐lived neutrophils in a model of reverse endothelial migration
Author(s) -
Buckley Christopher D.,
Ross Ewan A.,
McGettrick Helen M.,
Osborne Chloe. E.,
Haworth Oliver,
Schmutz Caroline,
Stone Philip C. W.,
Salmon Mike,
Matharu Nick M.,
Vohra Rajiv K.,
Nash Gerard B.,
Rainger G. Ed
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1189/jlb.0905496
Subject(s) - biology , cxc chemokine receptors , population , phenotype , chemokine , endothelium , microbiology and biotechnology , inflammation , receptor , immunology , chemotaxis , chemokine receptor , endothelial stem cell , in vivo , in vitro , biochemistry , genetics , medicine , environmental health , gene
Recent studies have demonstrated that neutrophils are not a homogenous population of cells. Here, we have identified a subset of human neutrophils with a distinct profile of cell‐surface receptors [CD54 high , CXC chemokine receptor 1 low (CXCR1 low )], which represent cells that have migrated through an endothelial monolayer and then re‐emerged by reverse transmigration (RT). RT neutrophils, when in contact with endothelium, were rescued from apoptosis, demonstrate functional priming, and were rheologically distinct from neutrophils that had not undergone transendothelial migration. In vivo, 1–2% of peripheral blood neutrophils in patients with systemic inflammation exhibit a RT phenotype. A smaller population existed in healthy donors (≈0.25%). RT neutrophils were distinct from naïve circulatory neutrophils (CD54 low , CXCR1 high ) and naïve cells after activation with formyl‐Met‐Leu‐Phe (CD54 low , CXCR1 low ). It is important that the RT phenotype (CD54 high , CXCR1 low ) is also distinct from tissue‐resident neutrophils (CD54 low , CXCR1 low ). Our results demonstrate that neutrophils can migrate in a retrograde direction across endothelial cells and suggest that a population of tissue‐experienced neutrophils with a distinct phenotype and function are present in the peripheral circulation in humans in vivo.