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Birth and life of tissue macrophages and their migration in embryogenesis and inflammation in medaka
Author(s) -
Grabher Clemens,
Cliffe Adam,
Miura Kota,
Hayflick Joel,
Pepperkok Rainer,
Rørth Pernille,
Wittbrodt Joachim
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1189/jlb.0806526
Subject(s) - biology , microbiology and biotechnology , chemotaxis , motility , in vivo , inflammation , macrophage , cell migration , immune system , immunology , mitosis , cell , in vitro , genetics , receptor
Macrophages detecting and migrating toward sites of injury and infection represent one of the first steps in an immune response. Here we directly image macrophage birth and migration in vivo in transgenic medaka fish. Macrophages are born as frequently dividing, immotile cells with spherical morphology that differentiate into flat, highly motile cells. They retain mitotic activity while spreading over the entire body. Cells follow restricted paths not only in directed migration, but also during patrolling. Along those paths the macrophages rapidly patrol the tissue and respond to wounding and bacterial infection from long distances. Upon injury they increase their speed and migratory persistence. Specifically targeting PI3‐kinase isoforms efficiently blocks the wounding response and results in a distinct inhibition of cell motility and chemotaxis. Our study provides in situ insights into the properties of immature and migratory macrophages and presents a unique model to further test modulating compounds in vivo.