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Superantigen‐mediated differentiation of bovine monocytes into dendritic cells
Author(s) -
Seo Keun Seok,
Park Joo Youn,
Davis William C.,
Fox Lawrence K.,
McGuire Mark A.,
Park Yong Ho,
Bohach Gregory A.
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of leukocyte biology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.819
H-Index - 191
eISSN - 1938-3673
pISSN - 0741-5400
DOI - 10.1189/jlb.0608338
Subject(s) - biology , mhc class ii , cd8 , superantigen , ccl5 , cd11c , microbiology and biotechnology , dendritic cell , peripheral blood mononuclear cell , t cell , cd14 , immunology , antigen , in vitro , immune system , flow cytometry , il 2 receptor , phenotype , biochemistry , gene
Although many effects of staphylococcal superantigens (SAg) on T cells are well established, less is known about their effects on APC. In this study, bovine PBMC were stimulated with a low dose of staphylococcal enterotoxin C1 (SEC1). The phenotype of adherent cells (Ac) derived from bovine PBMC cultured with SEC1 [SEC1‐stimulated Ac (sAc)] for 192 h was CD14 − , CD68 − , CD163 − , dendritic cell (DC)‐specific ICAM‐3‐grabbing nonintegrin + , MHC class II (MHC II) high , CD11a low , CD11b high , CD11c high , and CD1b high , suggesting these cells were dendritic cells (DC). SEC1 also induced transcription of the CXCL1, ‐2, and ‐3 family, CXCL6, CCL2, and CCL5 genes in sAc, which increased rapidly but returned to basal levels by 48 h. In contrast, increased transcription of CCL3, CCL8, and CXCL12, responsible for mononuclear cell migration and chronic inflammation, was sustained. In vitro cell migration assays showed vigorous migration of granulocytes, followed by migration of mononuclear cells. The autologous MLR showed that sAc induced a dose‐dependent proliferation of CD4 + T cells and an even stronger proliferation of CD8 + T cells. This effect was inhibited or reduced by pretreatment with mAb to CD11b, MHC II, or MHC II plus CD18. These results indicate that stimulation of bovine PBMC by SAg induces differentiation of monocytes into DC.