Open AccessEffect of Forearm Position on Glenohumeral External Rotation Measurements in Baseball Players
Author(s) -
W. Ben Kibler,
Aaron Sciascia,
John Stuart Mattison Pike,
Michael D. Howell,
Kevin E. Wilk
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
sports health
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.212
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 1941-7381
pISSN - 1941-0921
DOI - 10.1177/19417381211032917
Subject(s) - throwing , elbow , forearm , biceps , medicine , range of motion , physical medicine and rehabilitation , physical therapy , physics , anatomy , classical mechanics
Alterations in glenohumeral internal rotation (GIR), glenohumeral external rotation (GER), and the total arc of motion (TAM) have been linked with increased injury risk in the shoulder and elbow. These motions have been routinely measured with the forearm in neutral rotation (GIRN, GERN, TAMN). GER capacity appears to be especially important. The throwing motion, however, requires forearm pronation as GER occurs to achieve optimal cocking (GERP). No previous studies have evaluated GERP to determine GER capacity or pronated TAM (TAMP) values.