Open AccessImpact of Betaine Under Salinity on Accumulation of Phenolic Compounds in Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Sprouts
Author(s) -
Nam Su Kim,
Jae Kwang Kim,
Ramaraj Sathasivam,
Hong Woo Park,
Bao Van Nguyen,
Min Cheol Kim,
Đỗ Mạnh Cường,
Yong Suk Chung,
Sang Un Park
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
natural product communications
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.221
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 1934-578X
pISSN - 1555-9475
DOI - 10.1177/1934578x211015090
Subject(s) - carthamus , betaine , chemistry , ferulic acid , chlorogenic acid , food science , catechin , kaempferol , botany , horticulture , polyphenol , quercetin , biochemistry , biology , traditional medicine , antioxidant , medicine
It has been assumed that abiotic stresses often lead to osmotic and ionic stress in plants either inducing or reducing secondary plant metabolites. Therefore, the influence of NaCl, glycinebetaine (betaine), and NaCl with betaine on the growth and variation in the accumulation of phenolic compounds was investigated in safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.). The growth pattern of safflower sprouts was significantly influenced by these treatments. It was found that with increases in the concentration of NaCl, all growth parameters steadily decreased, but growth was markedly increased by adding different concentrations of betaine, especially at 0.5 mM, which produced the highest growth in terms of different growth parameters. High-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis revealed changes in 7 different phenolic compounds in response to different treatments. After treatment with up to 200 mM NaCl, the levels of catechin, ferulic acid, benzoic acid, and kaempferol increased, whereas the levels of the remaining phenolic compounds, especially chlorogenic acid, and p-coumaric acid were reduced. Our results suggest that the growth suppression due to salinity stress is decreased in the sprouts of safflower by adding betaine.