Open AccessThe intersection of autism and gender in the negotiation of identity: A systematic review and metasynthesis
Author(s) -
Isobel Moore,
Gareth Morgan,
Alice Welham,
Ginny Russell
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
feminism and psychology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.056
H-Index - 53
eISSN - 1461-7161
pISSN - 0959-3535
DOI - 10.1177/09593535221074806
Subject(s) - autism , psychology , gender studies , identity (music) , normative , developmental psychology , thematic analysis , narrative , social psychology , sociology , qualitative research , social science , political science , linguistics , physics , philosophy , acoustics , law
Influenced by theories of intersectionality, performativity and gender hegemony, this review sought to explore the intersection of autism and gender in qualitative research into autistic identity. Twelve papers were subjected to a thematic metasynthesis following a systematic search. Study participants were predominantly cisgender female or gender-diverse: perspectives of cisgender autistic males were lacking. The three superordinate themes developed related to: (1) the ways in which autism discourses restricted gender identities, through the influence of the “extreme male brain” and “masking” narratives and the use of autism to explain gender non-conformity and gender diversity; (2) the ways in which gendered autistic identities were positioned within social power hierarchies as “othered”, subordinate and less acceptable ways of being; and (3) possibilities for finding spaces of belonging and resistance. While autism as an identity may offer community and freedom from normative expectations, dominant autism discourses act to restrict and police gender, reinforcing existing power hierarchies. We encourage practitioners to reflect on the clinical, ethical and political implications of their positioning in relation to the constructs of “autism” and “gender”, and to explore alongside people seeking support the personal and political impacts of gendered autism discourses.