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An ecological latent class model of adolescent risk and protective factors: Implications for substance use and depression prevention
Author(s) -
Benjamin L. Bayly,
Sara A. Vasilenko
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of behavioral development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.99
H-Index - 91
eISSN - 1464-0651
pISSN - 0165-0254
DOI - 10.1177/01650254211005567
Subject(s) - latent class model , closeness , psychology , developmental psychology , substance use , psychological intervention , demography , clinical psychology , psychiatry , mathematical analysis , statistics , mathematics , sociology
To provide a comprehensive view of the unique contexts shaping adolescent development in the United States we utilized latent class analysis (LCA) with indicators of risk and protection across multiple domains (family, peers, school, neighborhood) and examined how latent class membership predicted heavy episodic drinking, illicit substance use, and depression in adolescence and six years later when participants were young adults. Data came from wave 1 and wave 3 of the nationally-representative United States-based Add Health study ( N = 6,649; M age W1= 14.06; M age W3 = 20.38; 53.8% female; 56.1% White/European American; 22.8% Black/African American, 9.5% Hispanic, 6.7% Biracial, Asian or Pacific Islander 4.2%, American Indian/Native American 0.7%;). A 6-class solution was selected with classes named: Two-Parent: Low Risk, Two-Parent: Relationship Risks, Two-Parent: Neighborhood Risks, Single Parent: Low Risk, Single Parent: Relationship Risks, and Single Parent: Multidimensional Risk. Subsequent analyses suggested that adolescent social relationships are particularly important for prevention interventions as the classes marked by substance using peers and a lack of closeness to parents and teachers in adolescence (Two-Parent: Relationship Risks and Single Parent: Relationship Risks) had consistently poorer outcomes in adolescence and young adulthood.

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