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Relationship Between Amino Acid and Energy Intake and Long‐Term Growth and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Very Low Birth Weight Infants
Author(s) -
Yang Jinghui,
Chang Serena Su Ying,
Poon Woei Bing
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.935
H-Index - 98
eISSN - 1941-2444
pISSN - 0148-6071
DOI - 10.1177/0148607115572833
Subject(s) - medicine , toddler , bayley scales of infant development , pediatrics , parenteral nutrition , calorie , neonatal intensive care unit , cohort , incidence (geometry) , low birth weight , birth weight , intensive care , mechanical ventilation , retrospective cohort study , intensive care medicine , psychomotor learning , psychology , pregnancy , developmental psychology , cognition , genetics , psychiatry , biology , optics , physics
Background: Inadequate nutrition may contribute to adverse neurodevelopmental and growth outcomes in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of infants born weighing <1250 g between 2009 and 2010 in a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit. The aim was to investigate whether there was a correlation between the amount of amino acid and calories received in the first 4 weeks of life and neurodevelopment and growth at 2 years. Results: Parenteral amino acid intake in week 2 of life correlated with higher language and motor scores on the 2‐year Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Third Edition (Bayley III). Conversely, higher total amino acid intake during week 1 of life (≥1.5 g/kg/d) was associated with a shorter duration of hospitalization, shorter intensive care stay, fewer days receiving mechanical ventilation, fewer days receiving supplemental oxygen, and a lower incidence of chronic lung disease (CLD). Higher caloric intake in the first 4 weeks correlated strongly with shorter duration of hospitalization, shorter intensive care stay, fewer days on the ventilator, and fewer days receiving supplemental oxygen. In patients with CLD, week 1 and 2 parenteral and total amino acid intake correlated with higher cognitive and motor scores on the Bayley III at 2 years old. Weeks 1–4 amino acid and calorie intake correlated with fewer days on the ventilator, fewer days of supplemental oxygen, and fewer days of hospitalization. Conclusion: Amino acid intake within the first weeks of life correlated positively with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 2 years, and patients with CLD were found to be particularly at risk. Caloric intake may affect protein accretion.