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Early Versus Traditional Postoperative Feeding in Patients Undergoing Resectional Gastrointestinal Surgery
Author(s) -
Osland Emma,
Yunus Rossita Mohamad,
Khan Shahjahan,
Memon Muhammed Ashraf
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.935
H-Index - 98
eISSN - 1941-2444
pISSN - 0148-6071
DOI - 10.1177/0148607110385698
Subject(s) - medicine , odds ratio , anastomosis , dehiscence , confidence interval , parenteral nutrition , randomized controlled trial , surgery , wound dehiscence , enteral administration , defecation
Background: A meta‐analysis evaluating surgical outcomes following nutritional provision provided proximal to the anastomosis within 24 hours of gastrointestinal surgery compared with traditional postoperative management was conducted. Methods: Databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials comparing the outcomes of early and traditional postoperative feeding. Trials involving gastrointestinal tract resection followed by patients receiving nutritionally significant oral or enteral intake within 24 hours after surgery were included for analysis. Results: Fifteen studies involving a total of 1240 patients were analyzed. A statistically significant reduction (45%) in relative odds of total postoperative complications was seen in patients receiving early postoperative feeding (odds ratio [OR] 0.55; confidence interval [CI], 0.35 −0.87, P = .01). No effect of early feeding was seen with relation to anastomotic dehiscence (OR 0.75; CI, 0.39–1.4, P = .39), mortality (OR 0.71; CI, 0.32–1.56, P = .39), days to passage of flatus (weighted mean difference [WMD] −0.42; CI, −1.12 to 0.28, P = .23), first bowel motion (WMD −0.28; CI, −1.20 to 0.64, P = .55), or reduced length of stay (WMD −1.28; CI, −2.94 to 0.38, P = .13); however, the direction of clinical outcomes favored early feeding. Nasogastric tube reinsertion was less common in traditional feeding interventions (OR 1.48; CI, 0.93–2.35, P = .10). Conclusions: Early postoperative nutrition is associated with significant reductions in total complications compared with traditional postoperative feeding practices and does not negatively affect outcomes such as mortality, anastomotic dehiscence, resumption of bowel function, or hospital length of stay.