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Cholesterol oxidation in intravenous lipid emulsions: safety of preparations before and after experimental hyperoxia
Author(s) -
Scopesi F,
Zunin P,
Bellini C,
Sacchi R,
Boggia R,
Evangelisti F,
Serra G
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.935
H-Index - 98
eISSN - 1941-2444
pISSN - 0148-6071
DOI - 10.1177/0148607104028005342
Subject(s) - triglyceride , chemistry , cholesterol , hyperoxia , chromatography , lipid oxidation , plasmalogen , polyunsaturated fatty acid , emulsion , parenteral nutrition , medium chain triglyceride , food science , oxygen , fatty acid , medicine , biochemistry , phospholipid , organic chemistry , antioxidant , membrane
The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the possible presence of cholesterol oxidation products in 2 i.v. lipidic emulsions with different fatty acid compositions (long‐chain triglyceride, medium‐chain triglyceride‐long‐chain triglyceride). Because these emulsions are currently used in neonatal parenteral nutrition, their direct venous introduction might be potentially dangerous because of the possible atherogenic role of cholesterol oxidation products. The emulsions were analyzed when bottles were opened (ie, under normal condition of administration) and after a 12‐hour direct experimental exposure to air and high (90%) oxygen concentrations. 7‐Ketocholesterol and 5alpha‐epoxycholesterol were chosen as markers of cholesterol oxidation and detected by gas chromatography‐mass spectrometry of their trimethylsilyl ethers. The detected amounts were always very low and in some cases below the detection limit of the analytical method for the 2 cholesterol oxidation products (COPs; 0.1 and 0.3 microg/g of extracted lipids). Immediately after opening the bottles, their concentrations were lower in the emulsions containing the higher amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Experimental hyperoxic exposure generally determined only a mild increase in the content of cholesterol oxidation biomarker, and after exposure to oxygen, the amounts of COPs were slightly higher than after exposure to air. The results of the present study are undoubtedly reassuring for the safety of neonates, although caution is always required when drawing conclusions from in vitro data.