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Total Parenteral Nutrition Decreases Liver Oxidative Metabolism and Antioxidant Defenses in Healthy Rats: Comparative Effect of Dietary Olive and Soybean Oil
Author(s) -
Lespine Anne,
Fernandez Yvette,
Periquet Brigitte,
Galinier Anne,
Garcia Jesus,
Anglade Francine,
Ghisolfi Jacques,
Thouvenot JeanPaul
Publication year - 2001
Publication title -
journal of parenteral and enteral nutrition
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.935
H-Index - 98
eISSN - 1941-2444
pISSN - 0148-6071
DOI - 10.1177/014860710102500252
Subject(s) - glutathione reductase , antioxidant , soybean oil , glutathione peroxidase , malondialdehyde , vitamin e , chemistry , glutathione , biochemistry , oxidative stress , medicine , thiobarbituric acid , lipid peroxidation , vitamin , food science , endocrinology , superoxide dismutase , biology , enzyme
Background : Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is used for critically ill patients undergoing surgery, after trauma, or during disease conditions that favor oxidative stress. We studied the effect of TPN on liver oxidative metab olism and antioxidant defenses in rats, and we compared the effect of soybean oil‐ and olive oil‐based diets. Methods: Seven‐week‐old rats (n = 28) were divided into four groups. Two experimental groups received a TPN solution containing soybean oil (TPN‐S) or a mixture of olive/soybean oil, 80/20 (TPN‐O), IV for 6 days. Orally fed animals received a solid diet including soybean oil (Oral‐S) or olive/soybean oil, 80/20 (Oral‐O). The following parameters were measured: DL‐α‐tocopherol, vitamin A, malondialdehyde and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (MDA‐TBARS), and total radical‐trapping antioxidant parameter (TRAP) in serum; DL‐α‐tocopherol, vitamin A, glutathione (GSH), and catalase (Cat) activity in liver homogenate; fatty acids from phospholipid, cytochrome P‐450 content, NADPH‐cytochrome c 2 reductase activity in liver micro somes; superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione transferase (GST), and glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) in liver cytosol. Results: The soybean or olive oil diets modified the liver microsomal fatty acid phospholipid composition, but the unsaturation index remained unchanged. TPN specifically increased the saturation of the membrane. The cytochrome P‐450 level and the NADPH‐cytochrome c 2 reductase, SOD, Gpx, Cat, and GST activities were unchanged by soybean oil or olive oil diet but decreased receiving TPN. Conclusions: In rats, TPN decreased the liver oxidative metabolism and enzymatic antioxidant defenses. This may be related to saturation of the liver microsomal fatty acids. ( Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition 25:52–59, 2001)