Premium
Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Capacity in Smoking and Nonsmoking Men With HIV/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
Author(s) -
Cole Suzanne B.,
LangkampHenken Bobbi,
Bender Bradley S.,
Findley Kimberly,
HerrlingerGarcia Kelli A.,
Uphold Constance R.
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
nutrition in clinical practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.725
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1941-2452
pISSN - 0884-5336
DOI - 10.1177/0115426505020006662
Subject(s) - medicine , oxidative stress , vitamin e , antioxidant , glutathione peroxidase , vitamin c , gastroenterology , lipid peroxidation , physiology , immunology , biochemistry , superoxide dismutase , chemistry
Background: Past studies document decreased levels of antioxidants and selenium and increased levels of oxidative stress in people living with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Cigarette smoking is another source of oxidative stress. Excessive oxidative stress can induce HIV replication, resulting in disease progression. The purpose of this study was to determine whether subjects with HIV/AIDS who smoke cigarettes have increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant status compared with nonsmokers with HIV/AIDS. Methods: Thirty‐one men with HIV/AIDS (adhering to highly active antiretroviral therapy for the previous 3 months) were recruited during regular visits to a Veterans Affairs Medical Center Infectious Disease Clinic in a southeastern US city. Plasma was obtained from a 1‐time blood draw for this comparison study. Plasma lipid peroxide (LPO) was used as a marker of oxidative stress. Indicators of antioxidant capacity included plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx, the functional indicator of selenium status), vitamin C, and antioxidant potential (AOP). Results: Fifteen smokers and 10 nonsmokers with HIV/AIDS were enrolled. Median plasma LPO level was above the normal range of 0–1.3μ mol/L in both nonsmokers (2.5 [0–23.4] μmol/L, median [range]) and smokers (4.0 [0–47.5] μmol/L), but there was no difference between groups. Plasma GPx concentration was significantly lower in smokers (169 [118–295] μmol/min/L) compared with nonsmokers (197 [149–414] μmol/min/L). Vitamin C and AOP levels were not different between groups. Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that effects of smoking on oxidative stress are not additive, as no striking differences were observed in oxidative stress or antioxidant capacity between clinically stable smoking and nonsmoking men with HIV/AIDS.