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Eemergence of Promising Therapies in Diabetes Mellitus
Author(s) -
Akkati Sindhu,
Sam Kishore Gnana,
Tungha Girish
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the journal of clinical pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.92
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1552-4604
pISSN - 0091-2700
DOI - 10.1177/0091270010376972
Subject(s) - incretin , medicine , type 2 diabetes mellitus , type 2 diabetes , hypoglycemia , amylin , insulin resistance , glycemic , insulin , diabetes mellitus , pharmacology , pioglitazone , endocrinology , islet
Diabetes mellitus (DM) results from defects in insulin secretion (type 1) or insulin resistance (type 2). Insulin is used to manage type 1 DM, and oral hypoglycemic agents are used to manage type 2 DM. These therapies are inconsistent in maintaining glycemic control and cause some severe adverse effects such as undue weight gain and hypoglycemia. New and appropriate therapies are needed to overcome these problems. Drugs that are in the pipeline include oral insulins for type 1 DM and incretin mimetics, incretin enhancers, gastric inhibitory peptides, amylin analogues, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor‐α/γ ligands, sodium‐dependent glucose transporter inhibitors, and fructose 1,6‐bisphosphatase inhibitors for type 2 DM. This article describes the mechanisms of action and relative advantages and disadvantages of the promising therapies