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Morphine‐Fluoxetine Interactions in Healthy Volunteers: Analgesia and Side Effects
Author(s) -
Erjavec Miklavz K.,
Coda Barbara A.,
Nguyen Quynh,
Donaldson Gary,
Risler Linda,
Shen Danny D.
Publication year - 2000
Publication title -
the journal of clinical pharmacology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.92
H-Index - 116
eISSN - 1552-4604
pISSN - 0091-2700
DOI - 10.1177/009127000004001114
Subject(s) - morphine , anesthesia , fluoxetine , crossover study , medicine , sedation , placebo , nausea , pharmacology , analgesic , serotonin , receptor , alternative medicine , pathology
The authors evaluated the ability of fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), to enhance the analgesic potency of morphine. Fifteen volunteers participated in this double‐blind crossover study. All received combinations of morphine or saline with either fluoxetine 30 mg or placebo. The authors used individual morphine pharmacokinetics to program an infusion pump to achieve plasma morphine levels of 15, 30, and 60 ng/ml. Analgesia during morphine infusion was assessed using a model of electrical tooth stimulation. Subjective side effects, measurements of end‐tidal CO 2 , O 2 saturation, pupil size, and testing of psychomotor performance were obtained. Plasma morphine concentrations were not affected by fluoxetine. In comparison to placebo, oral fluoxetine resulted in less sedation during morphine infusion and less nausea during morphine washout. Morphine‐induced pruritus, psychomotor function, and respiratory depression were unaffected by fluoxetine. Acute administration of 30 mg oral fluoxetine augmented analgesia by approximately 3% to 8% and reduced morphine‐associated nausea, mood reduction, and drowsiness.