Open AccessMass Flux and Vertical Distribution of Currents Caused by Strong Winds in a Wave Tank
Author(s) -
Toshinori Ogasawara,
Takashi Yasuda
Publication year - 2004
Publication title -
journal of physical oceanography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.706
H-Index - 143
eISSN - 1520-0485
pISSN - 0022-3670
DOI - 10.1175/jpo2659.1
Subject(s) - mass flux , mechanics , wind speed , flux (metallurgy) , particle image velocimetry , physics , geology , duct (anatomy) , current (fluid) , meteorology , turbulence , materials science , oceanography , medicine , pathology , metallurgy
The velocity fields of wind-driven currents under strong winds were measured in a wind-wave tank with a double bottom. The tank has the characteristics to satisfy partially the continuity of the mass flux and to reduce return-flow effects on the currents. The lower part of the double-bottom tank functions as a duct to circulate the currents, allowing the measurement of the return-flow velocity. The velocity measurements were made on the currents just below the mean water level by using a high-resolution particle image velocimetry (PIV) system and tracking floats and on the currents inside of the duct by using a normal PIV system. Thus, accurate data of the vertical distribution and mass flux of the currents driven by strong winds were obtained from the PIV data. As a result, it is found that the flux in the surface layer with the thickness of 2 times the significant wave height amounts to about 30% of the total mass flux of the currents driven by strong winds with a reference wind speed of 12.0 m s−1.