Open AccessAn Interhemispheric Tropical Sea Level Seesaw due to El Niño Taimasa
Author(s) -
M. J. Widlansky,
Axel Timmermann,
Shayne McGregor,
Malte F. Stuecker,
Wenju Cai
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
journal of climate
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 3.315
H-Index - 287
eISSN - 1520-0442
pISSN - 0894-8755
DOI - 10.1175/jcli-d-13-00276.1
Subject(s) - seesaw molecular geometry , climatology , oceanography , anticyclone , geology , trade wind , coral reef , sea level , tropical atlantic , environmental science , sea surface temperature , physics , nuclear physics , neutrino
During strong El Niño events, sea level drops around some tropical western Pacific islands by up to 20–30 cm. Such events (referred to as taimasa in Samoa) expose shallow reefs, thereby causing severe damage to associated coral ecosystems and contributing to the formation of microatolls. During the termination of strong El Niño events, a southward movement of weak trade winds and the development of an anomalous anticyclone in the Philippine Sea are shown to force an interhemispheric sea level seesaw in the tropical Pacific that enhances and prolongs extreme low sea levels in the southwestern Pacific. Spectral features, in addition to wind-forced linear shallow water ocean model experiments, identify a nonlinear interaction between El Niño and the annual cycle as the main cause of these sea level anomalies.