Open AccessThe Statistical Theory of Breaking Entrainment Depth and Surface Whitecap Coverage of Real Sea Waves
Author(s) -
Yue Yuan,
Lei Han,
H. Q. Feng,
Shuwen Zhang,
Fangli Qiao,
Yongzeng Yang,
Changshui Xia
Publication year - 2009
Publication title -
journal of physical oceanography
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.706
H-Index - 143
eISSN - 1520-0485
pISSN - 0022-3670
DOI - 10.1175/2008jpo3944.1
Subject(s) - breaking wave , fetch , entrainment (biomusicology) , wind speed , wind wave , envelope (radar) , meteorology , sea state , geology , mechanics , atmospheric sciences , physics , wave propagation , oceanography , engineering , optics , telecommunications , radar , rhythm , acoustics
Some basic statistics for wave breaking have been derived based on the statistical model of real sea waves. The analytic expressions of breaking entrainment depth and surface whitecap coverage involved with both sea wave characteristics and surface wind velocity have been derived on the basis of the whitecap formation model. The concept of the upper envelope for all the whitecap coverage data versus wind speed has been proposed, and it is assumed to correspond to the whitecap coverage in the case of the infinite wind duration and fetch to determine the model constants. The analytic expressions of breaking entrainment depth and whitecap coverage have been compared with the observations in several ways, and consistently favorable agreement can be found for most observations.