Open AccessInterannual Variability and Trends of Extratropical Ozone. Part II: Southern Hemisphere
Author(s) -
Xun Jiang,
Steven Pawson,
C. D. Camp,
J. E. Nielsen,
RunLie Shia,
Tien-Hao Liao,
Varavut Limpasuvan,
Yuk L. Yung
Publication year - 2008
Publication title -
journal of the atmospheric sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.853
H-Index - 173
eISSN - 1520-0469
pISSN - 0022-4928
DOI - 10.1175/2008jas2793.1
Subject(s) - extratropical cyclone , southern hemisphere , geopotential height , northern hemisphere , climatology , atmospheric sciences , geopotential , stratosphere , middle latitudes , environmental science , mode (computer interface) , ozone layer , geology , meteorology , geography , precipitation , computer science , operating system
A principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to the Southern Hemisphere (SH) total column ozone following the method established for analyzing the data in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) in a companion paper. The interannual variability (IAV) of extratropical O 3 in the SH is characterized by four main modes, which account for 75% of the total variance. The first two leading modes are approximately zonally symmetric and relate to the Southern Hemisphere annular mode and the quasi-biennial oscillation. The third and fourth modes exhibit wavenumber-1 structures. Contrary to the Northern Hemisphere, the third and fourth modes are not related to stationary waves. Similar results are obtained for the 30–100-hPa geopotential thickness. The decreasing O 3 trend in the SH is captured in the first mode. The largest trend is at the South Pole, with value ∼−2 Dobson Units (DU) yr −1 . Both the spatial pattern and trends in the column ozone are captured by the Goddard Earth Observation System chemistry–climate model (GEOS-CCM) in the SH.