Open AccessClinical Characteristics and Management of Methamphetamine‐Associated Cardiomyopathy: State‐of‐the‐Art Review
Author(s) -
Reddy Pavan K. V.,
Ng Tien M. H.,
Oh Esther E.,
Moady Gassan,
Elkayam Uri
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
journal of the american heart association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.494
H-Index - 85
ISSN - 2047-9980
DOI - 10.1161/jaha.120.016704
Subject(s) - medicine , context (archaeology) , disease , cardiomyopathy , intensive care medicine , public health , methamphetamine , pathology , psychiatry , cardiology , heart failure , paleontology , biology
Methamphetamine‐associated cardiomyopathy ( MACM ) is an increasingly recognized disease entity in the context of a rapidly spreading methamphetamine epidemic. MACM may afflict individuals with a wide range of ages and socioeconomic backgrounds. Presentations can vary greatly and may involve several complications unique to the disease. Given the public health significance of this disease, there is a relative dearth of consensus material to guide clinicians in understanding, diagnosing, and managing MACM . This review therefore aims to: (1) describe pathologic mechanisms of methamphetamine as they pertain to the development, progression, and prognosis of MACM , and the potential to recover cardiac function; (2) summarize existing data from epidemiologic studies and case series in an effort to improve recognition and diagnosis of the disease; (3) guide short‐ and long‐term management of MACM with special attention to expected or potential sequelae of the disease; and (4) highlight pivotal unanswered questions in need of urgent investigation from a public health perspective.