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Background  The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms ( AAA s) will significantly increase during the next decade. Novel biomarkers, besides diameter, are needed for a better characterization of aneurysms and the estimation of the risk of rupture. Fibrin is a key protein in the formation of focal hematoma associated with the dissection of the aortic wall and the development of larger thrombi during the progression of  AAA s. This study evaluated the potential of a fibrin‐specific magnetic resonance (MR) probe for the in vivo characterization of the different stages of  AAA s.    Methods and Results   AAA s spontaneously developed in ApoE −/−  mice following the infusion of angiotensin‐ II  (Ang‐ II , 1 μg/kg −1 ·per minute). An established fibrin‐specific molecular  MR  probe ( EP 2104R, 10 μmol/kg −1 ) was administered after 1 to 4 weeks following Ang‐ II  infusion (n=8 per group). All imaging experiments were performed on a clinical 3T Achieva  MR  system with a microscopy coil (Philips Healthcare, Netherlands). The development of  AAA ‐associated fibrin‐rich hematoma and thrombi was assessed. The high signal generated by the fibrin probe enabled high‐resolution  MR  imaging for an accurate assessment and quantification of the relative fibrin composition of focal hematoma and thrombi. Contrast‐to‐noise‐ratios ( CNRs ) and R1‐relaxation rates following the administration of the fibrin probe were in good agreement with ex vivo immunohistomorphometry ( R  2 =0.83 and 0.85) and gadolinium concentrations determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy ( R  2 =0.78 and 0.72).    Conclusions  The fibrin‐specific molecular  MR  probe allowed the delineation and quantification of changes in fibrin content in early and advanced  AAA s. Fibrin  MRI  could provide a novel in vivo biomarker to improve the risk stratification of patients with aortic aneurysms.

In Vivo Molecular Characterization of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Using Fibrin‐Specific Magnetic Resonance Imaging