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Background  Netrin‐1 ( NTN ‐1) has been established to be a novel intrinsic regulator of blood‐brain barrier ( BBB ) maintenance. This study was carried out to investigate the potential roles of exogenous  NTN ‐1 in preserving  BBB  integrity after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage ( SAH ) as well as the underlying mechanisms of its protective effects.    Methods and Results  A total of 309 male Sprague‐Dawley rats were subjected to an endovascular perforation model of  SAH . Recombinant  NTN ‐1 was administered intravenously 1 hour after  SAH  induction.  NTN ‐1 small interfering  RNA  or Deleted in Colorectal Cancer small interfering  RNA  was administered intracerebroventricular at 48 hours before  SAH . Focal adhesion kinase inhibitor was administered by intraperitoneal injection at 1 hour prior to  SAH . Neurological scores, brain water content,  BBB  permeability, RhoA activity, Western blot, and immunofluorescence staining were evaluated. The expression of endogenous  NTN ‐1 and its receptor Deleted in Colorectal Cancer were increased after  SAH . Administration of exogenous  NTN ‐1 significantly reduced brain water content and  BBB  permeability and ameliorated neurological deficits at 24 and 72 hours after  SAH . Exogenous  NTN ‐1 treatment significantly promoted phosphorylated focal adhesion kinase activation and inhibited RhoA activity, as well as upregulated the expression of  ZO ‐1 and Occludin. Conversely, depletion of endogenous  NTN ‐1 aggravated  BBB  breakdown and neurological impairments at 24 hours after  SAH . The protective effects of  NTN ‐1 at 24 hours after  SAH  were also abolished by pretreatment with Deleted in Colorectal Cancer small interfering  RNA  and focal adhesion kinase inhibitor.    Conclusions   NTN ‐1 treatment preserved  BBB  integrity and improved neurological functions through a Deleted in Colorectal Cancer/focal adhesion kinase/RhoA signaling pathway after  SAH . Thus,  NTN ‐1 may serve as a promising treatment to alleviate early brain injury following  SAH .

journal of the american heart association

Netrin‐1 Preserves Blood‐Brain Barrier Integrity Through Deleted in Colorectal Cancer/Focal Adhesion Kinase/RhoA Signaling Pathway Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in Rats