Open AccessTwo C‐C Family Chemokines, Eotaxin and RANTES, Are Novel Independent Plasma Biomarkers for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Author(s) -
Jones Gregory T.,
Phillips L. Victoria,
Williams Michael J.A.,
Rij Andre M.,
Kabir Tasnuva D.
Publication year - 2016
Publication title -
journal of the american heart association
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.494
H-Index - 85
ISSN - 2047-9980
DOI - 10.1161/jaha.115.002993
Subject(s) - eotaxin , medicine , inflammation , chemokine , abdominal aortic aneurysm , aortic aneurysm , macrophage inflammatory protein , proinflammatory cytokine , cytokine , pathogenesis , immunology , aneurysm , aorta , surgery
Background Inflammation of the aortic wall is recognised as a key pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm ( AAA ). This study was undertaken to determine whether inflammatory cytokines could be used as biomarkers for the presence of AAA . Methods and Results Tissue profiles of 27 inflammatory cytokine were examined in AAA (n=14) and nonaneurysmal (n=14) aortic tissues. Three cytokines, regulated upon activation normally T‐cell expressed and secreted ( RANTES ), eotaxin, and macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta ( MIP‐ 1b), had increased expression in AAA , particularly within the adventitial layer of the aortic wall. Basic fibroblast growth factor ( bFGF ) had reduced expression in all layers of the AAA wall. Examination of the circulating plasma profiles of AAA (n=442) and AAA ‐free controls (n=970) suggested a (risk factor adjusted) AAA ‐association with eotaxin, RANTES , and high sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs CRP ). A plasma inflammatory cytokine score, calculated using these three markers, suggested a strong risk association with AAA (odds ratio, 4.8; 95% CI , 3.5–6.7; P <0.0001), independent of age, sex, history of ischemic heart disease, and smoking. Conclusions Contrary to reports suggesting a distinct T helper 2–associated inflammatory profile in AAA , this current study suggests a more‐generalized pattern of inflammation, albeit with some potentially distinct features, including elevated plasma eotaxin and decreased plasma RANTES . In combination with hs CRP , these markers may have potential utility as AAA biomarkers.