An efficient dynamic power management model for a stand-alone DC Microgrid using CPIHC technique

The power generation using solar photovoltaic (PV) system in microgrid requires energy storage system due to their dilute and intermittent nature. The system requires efficient control techniques to ensure the reliable operation of the microgrid. This work presents dynamic power management using a decentralized approach. The control techniques in microgrid including droop controllers in cascade with proportional-integral (PI) controllers for voltage stability and power balance have few limitations. PI controllers alone will not ensure microgrid’s stability. Their parameters cannot be optimized for varying demand and have a slow transient response which increases the settling time. The droop controllers have lower efficiency. The load power variation and steady-state voltage error make the droop control ineffective. This paper presents a control scheme for dynamic power management by incorporating the combined PI and hysteresis controller (CPIHC) technique. The system becomes robust, performs well under varying demand conditions, and shows a faster dynamic response. The proposed DC microgrid has solar PV as an energy source, a lead-acid battery as the energy storage system, constant and dynamic loads. The simulation results show the proposed CPIHC technique efficiently manages the dynamic power, regulates DC link voltage and battery’s state of charge (SoC) compared to conventional combined PI and droop controller (CPIDC).