Open AccessMeasuring driver cognitive distraction through lips and eyebrows
Author(s) -
Azreen Azman,
Mohd Fikri Azli Abdullah,
Sumendra Yogarayan,
Siti Fatimah Abdul Razak,
Hartini Azman,
Kalaiarasi Sonai Muthu Anbananthen,
Hani Suhaila
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
international journal of power electronics and drive systems/international journal of electrical and computer engineering
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2722-2578
pISSN - 2722-256X
DOI - 10.11591/ijece.v12i1.pp756-769
Subject(s) - distraction , cognition , computer science , support vector machine , orientation (vector space) , artificial intelligence , facial expression , computer vision , psychology , cognitive psychology , mathematics , geometry , neuroscience
Cognitive distraction is one of the several contributory factors in road accidents. A number of cognitive distraction detection methods have been developed. One of the most popular methods is based on physiological measurement. Head orientation, gaze rotation, blinking and pupil diameter are among popular physiological parameters that are measured for driver cognitive distraction. In this paper, lips and eyebrows are studied. These new features on human facial expression are obvious and can be easily measured when a person is in cognitive distraction. There are several types of movement on lips and eyebrows that can be captured to indicate cognitive distraction. Correlation and classification techniques are used in this paper for performance measurement and comparison. Real time driving experiment was setup and faceAPI was installed in the car to capture driver’s facial expression. Linear regression, support vector machine (SVM), static Bayesian network (SBN) and logistic regression (LR) are used in this study. Results showed that lips and eyebrows are strongly correlated and have a significant role in improving cognitive distraction detection. Dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) with different confidence of levels was also used in this study to classify whether a driver is distracted or not.