Open AccessRole of the X and Y Chromosomes in the Female Germ Cell Line Development in the Mouse (Mus musculus)
Author(s) -
Wataru Yamazaki,
Seang Lin Tan,
Teruko Taketo
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
sexual development
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.528
H-Index - 44
eISSN - 1661-5433
pISSN - 1661-5425
DOI - 10.1159/000521151
Subject(s) - biology , germ cell , genetics , meiosis , x chromosome , andrology , y chromosome , oocyte , sexual differentiation , prophase , aneuploidy , chromosome , embryo , gene , medicine
Background: In eutherian mammals, the sex chromosome complement, XX and XY, determines sexual differentiation of gonadal primordia into testes and ovaries, which in turn direct differentiation of germ cells into haploid sperm and oocytes, respectively. When gonadal sex is reversed, however, the germ cell sex becomes discordant with the chromosomal sex. XY females in humans are infertile, while XY females in the mouse ( Mus musculus ) are subfertile or infertile dependent on the cause of sex reversal and the genetic background. This article reviews publications to understand how the sex chromosome complement affects the fertility of XY oocytes by comparing with XX and monosomy X (XO) oocytes. Summary: The results highlight 2 folds disadvantage of XY oocytes over XX oocytes: (1) the X and Y chromosomes fail to pair during the meiotic prophase I, resulting in sex chromosome aneuploidy at the first meiotic division and (2) expression of the Y-linked genes during oocyte growth affects the transcriptome landscape and renders the ooplasmic component incompetent for embryonic development. Key Message: The XX chromosome complement gives the oocyte the highest competence for embryonic development.