Open AccessEmerging Role of the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Interleukin-1β in Neonates
Author(s) -
Murwan Omer,
Ashanty M Melo,
Lynne Kelly,
Emma Jane Mac Dermott,
Timothy Ronan Leahy,
Orla Killeen,
Ola Didrik Saugstad,
Rashmin C. Savani,
Eleanor J. Molloy
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
neonatology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.399
H-Index - 84
eISSN - 1661-7819
pISSN - 1661-7800
DOI - 10.1159/000507584
Subject(s) - inflammasome , bronchopulmonary dysplasia , medicine , pathogenesis , inflammation , immunology , cerebral palsy , anakinra , interleukin , neuroinflammation , disease , cytokine , pathology , pregnancy , physical therapy , gestational age , biology , genetics
Infection and persistent inflammation have a prominent role in the pathogenesis of brain injury and cerebral palsy, as well as other conditions associated with prematurity such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The NLRP3 inflammasome-interleukin (IL)-1β pathway has been extensively studied in adults and pre-clinical models, improving our understanding of innate immunity and offering an attractive therapeutic target that is already contributing to clinical management in many auto-inflammatory disorders. IL-1 blockade has transformed the course and outcome of conditions such as chronic infantile neurological, cutaneous, articular (CINCA/NOMID) syndrome. Inflammasome activation and upregulation has recently been implicated in neonatal brain and lung inflammatory disease and may be a novel therapeutic target.