Open AccessSkeletal muscle and resistance exercise training; the role of protein synthesis in recovery and remodeling
Author(s) -
Chris McGlory,
Michaela C. Devries,
Stuart M. Phillips
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
journal of applied physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.253
H-Index - 229
eISSN - 8750-7587
pISSN - 1522-1601
DOI - 10.1152/japplphysiol.00613.2016
Subject(s) - muscle hypertrophy , skeletal muscle , protein turnover , resistance training , mitochondrial biogenesis , biogenesis , protein biosynthesis , ribosome biogenesis , phenotype , biology , exercise physiology , medicine , endocrinology , bioinformatics , gene , microbiology and biotechnology , mitochondrion , genetics , ribosome , rna
Exercise results in the rapid remodeling of skeletal muscle. This process is underpinned by acute and chronic changes in both gene and protein synthesis. In this short review we provide a brief summary of our current understanding regarding how exercise influences these processes as well as the subsequent impact on muscle protein turnover and resultant shift in muscle phenotype. We explore concepts of ribosomal biogenesis and the potential role of increased translational capacity vs. translational efficiency in contributing to muscular hypertrophy. We also examine whether high-intensity sprinting-type exercise promotes changes in protein turnover that lead to hypertrophy or merely a change in mitochondrial content. Finally, we propose novel areas for future study that will fill existing knowledge gaps in the fields of translational research and exercise science.