Open AccessAn update on brown adipose tissue biology: a discussion of recent findings
Author(s) -
Rafael Calais Gaspar,
José Rodrigo Pauli,
Gerald I. Shulman,
Vitor Rosetto Muñoz
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
endocrinology and metabolism/american journal of physiology: endocrinology and metabolism
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.507
H-Index - 201
eISSN - 1522-1555
pISSN - 0193-1849
DOI - 10.1152/ajpendo.00310.2020
Subject(s) - brown adipose tissue , thermogenesis , biology , paracrine signalling , white adipose tissue , energy expenditure , autocrine signalling , adipose tissue , endocrine system , thermogenin , energy metabolism , endocrinology , medicine , hormone , biochemistry , receptor
Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has been encouraged as a potential treatment for obesity and comorbidities due to its thermogenic activity capacity and contribution to energy expenditure. Some interventions such as cold and β-adrenergic drugs are able to activate BAT thermogenesis as well as promote differentiation of white adipocytes into brown-like cells (browning), enhancing the thermogenic activity of these cells. In this mini-review, we discuss new mechanisms related to BAT and energy expenditure. In this regard, we will also discuss recent studies that have revealed the existence of important secretory molecules from BAT "batokines" that act in autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms, which in turn may explain some of the beneficial roles of BAT on whole body glucose and fat metabolism. Finally, we will discuss new insights related to BAT thermogenesis with an additional focus on the distinct features of BAT metabolism between rodents and humans.