Open AccessLong Noncoding RNAs and Human Liver Disease
Author(s) -
Johanna K. DiStefano,
Glenn S. Gerhard
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
annual review of pathology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 9.417
H-Index - 122
eISSN - 1553-4014
pISSN - 1553-4006
DOI - 10.1146/annurev-pathol-042320-115255
Subject(s) - disease , computational biology , biology , human genome , genome , nonalcoholic steatohepatitis , long non coding rna , steatohepatitis , liver disease , hepatocellular carcinoma , bioinformatics , nonalcoholic fatty liver disease , genetics , rna , gene , fatty liver , medicine , pathology , biochemistry
Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are pervasively transcribed in the genome, exhibit a diverse range of biological functions, and exert effects through a variety of mechanisms. The sheer number of lncRNAs in the human genome has raised important questions about their potential biological significance and roles in human health and disease. Technological and computational advances have enabled functional annotation of a large number of lncRNAs. Though the number of publications related to lncRNAs has escalated in recent years, relatively few have focused on those involved in hepatic physiology and pathology. We provide an overview of evolving lncRNA classification systems and characteristics and highlight important advances in our understanding of the contribution of lncRNAs to liver disease, with a focus on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and cholestatic liver disease.