Open AccessSexual dimorphism in bat wing morphology — variation among foraging styles
Author(s) -
Dominique G. Maucieri,
Austin J. Ashbaugh,
Jessica M. Theodor
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
canadian journal of zoology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.607
H-Index - 104
eISSN - 1480-3283
pISSN - 0008-4301
DOI - 10.1139/cjz-2021-0035
Subject(s) - sexual dimorphism , wing , foraging , biology , morphometrics , forage , zoology , frugivore , wing loading , ecology , habitat , angle of attack , engineering , aerospace engineering , aerodynamics
Sexual dimorphism can lead to differences in foraging style among conspecifics due to morphological differences. Within bats, maneuverability and speed of flight are influenced by wing shape and size, which may differ between sexes. Female bats gain about 30% of their body mass during pregnancy, affecting their agility and flight efficiency. To fill the same foraging niche as males, pregnant female bats would require wing size and (or) shape modifications to maintain maneuverability. We investigated sexual dimorphism in bat wing morphology and how it varies among foraging guilds. Wing photos of male and female adult bats (19 species) in Canada, Belize, and Dominica were analyzed using two-dimensional geometric morphometrics, wing loading, and aspect ratios. Nonpregnant female bats had higher wing loading than males, suggesting that they are less maneuverable than males. Additionally, mass increases during pregnancy may not permit female bats to forage as male conspecifics do. Wing shape differed minimally among foraging guilds with only frugivores differing significantly from all other guilds. Further studies should investigate how female bats forage during their reproductive cycle and determine how frugivore wings differ and whether there are individual differences in wing shape that are not consistent among bat species.