Open AccessRates of fluoroquinolone resistance in domestically acquiredCampylobacter jejuniare increasing in people living within a model study location in Canada
Author(s) -
G. Douglas Inglis,
Eduardo Taboada,
Valerie F. Boras
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
canadian journal of microbiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.635
H-Index - 94
eISSN - 1480-3275
pISSN - 0008-4166
DOI - 10.1139/cjm-2020-0146
Subject(s) - campylobacter jejuni , nalidixic acid , ciprofloxacin , erythromycin , microbiology and biotechnology , biology , tetracycline , clindamycin , campylobacteriosis , antibiotic resistance , campylobacter , veterinary medicine , gentamicin , penicillin , virology , antibiotics , medicine , bacteria , genetics
Antimicrobial resistance was evaluated in Campylobacter jejuni isolated from 1291 diarrheic people over a 15-year period (2004–2018) in southwestern Alberta, a model location in Canada with a high rate of campylobacteriosis. The prevalence of resistance to chloramphenicol, clindamycin, erythromycin, and gentamicin was low during the examination period (≤4.8%). Resistance to tetracycline remained consistently high (41.6%–65.1%), and resistance was primarily conferred by plasmid-borne tetO (96.2%). Resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid increased substantially over the examination period, with a maximal fluoroquinolone resistance (FQR) prevalence of 28.9% in 2016. The majority of C. jejuni isolates resistant to ciprofloxacin (93.9%) contained a C257T single nucleotide polymorphism within the gyrA chromosomal gene. Follow up with infected people indicated that the observed increase in FQR was primarily due to domestically acquired infections. Moreover, the majority of FQ-resistant C. jejuni subtypes (82.6%) were endemic in Canada, primarily linked to cattle and chicken reservoirs; 18.4% of FQ-resistant isolates were assigned to three subtypes, predominantly associated with cattle. Study findings indicate the need to prioritize FQR monitoring in C. jejuni infections in Canada and to elucidate the dynamics of the emergence and transmission of resistant C. jejuni strains within and from cattle and chicken reservoirs.