Open AccessCanine adipose‐derived stromal cell viability following exposure to synovial fluid from osteoarthritic joints
Author(s) -
Kiefer Kristina M.,
O'Brien Timothy D.,
Pluhar Elizabeth G.,
Conzemius Michael
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
veterinary record open
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.504
H-Index - 12
eISSN - 2052-6113
pISSN - 2399-2050
DOI - 10.1136/vetreco-2014-000063
Subject(s) - synovial fluid , osteoarthritis , adipose tissue , trypan blue , medicine , viability assay , stromal cell , serial dilution , pathology , stem cell , synovial membrane , cell , arthritis , chemistry , biology , microbiology and biotechnology , biochemistry , alternative medicine
Introduction Stem cell therapy used in clinical application of osteoarthritis in veterinary medicine typically involves intra‐articular injection of the cells, however the effect of an osteoarthritic environment on the fate of the cells has not been investigated. Aims and Objectives Assess the viability of adipose derived stromal cells following exposure to osteoarthritic joint fluid. Materials and Methods Adipose derived stromal cells (ASCs) were derived from falciform adipose tissue of five adult dogs, and osteoarthritic synovial fluid (SF) was obtained from ten patients undergoing surgical intervention on orthopedic diseases with secondary osteoarthritis. Normal synovial fluid was obtained from seven adult dogs from an unrelated study. ASCs were exposed to the following treatment conditions: culture medium, normal SF, osteoarthritic SF, or serial dilutions of 1:1 to 1:10 of osteoarthritic SF with media. Cells were then harvested and assessed for viability using trypan blue dye exclusion. Results There was no significant difference in the viability of cells in culture medium or normal SF. Significant differences were found between cells exposed to any concentration of osteoarthritic SF and normal SF and between cells exposed to undiluted osteoarthritic SF and all serial dilutions. Subsequent dilutions reduced cytotoxicity. Conclusions Osteoarthritic synovial fluid in this ex vivo experiment is cytotoxic to ASCs, when compared with normal synovial fluid. Current practice of direct injection of ASCs into osteoarthritic joints should be re‐evaluated to determine if alternative means of administration may be more effective.