Open AccessPictorial health warning labels on the waterpipe device are effective in reducing smoking satisfaction, puffing behaviour and exposure to CO: first evidence from a crossover clinical laboratory study
Author(s) -
Wasim Maziak,
Ziyad Ben Taleb,
Mohammad Ebrahimi Kalan,
Thomas Eissenberg,
James F. Thrasher,
Alan Shihadeh,
Taghrid Asfar
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
tobacco control
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.715
H-Index - 122
eISSN - 1468-3318
pISSN - 0964-4563
DOI - 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054682
Subject(s) - psychology , crossover study , medicine , pathology , placebo , alternative medicine
This study examined the effect of pictorial health warning labels (HWLs) on the waterpipe (WP) device on smokers' experience, puffing behaviour, harm perception and exposure to respiratory toxicants.