Open AccessUpregulation of CD47 Is a Host Checkpoint Response to Pathogen Recognition
Author(s) -
Michal Caspi Tal,
Laughing Bear Torrez Dulgeroff,
Lara Myers,
Lamin B. Cham,
Katrin D. MayerBarber,
Andrea C. Carpenter,
Ehydel Castro,
Ying Ying Yiu,
Cesar J. Lopez Angel,
Ed Pham,
Aaron B. Carmody,
Ronald J. Messer,
Eric J. Gars,
Jens Kortmann,
Maxim Markovic,
Michaela Hasenkrug,
Karin E. Peterson,
Clayton W. Winkler,
Tyson A. Woods,
Paige Hansen,
Sarah Galloway,
Dhananjay Wagh,
Benjamin Fram,
Thai Nguyen,
Daniel Corey,
Raja Kalluru,
Niaz Banaei,
Jayakumar Rajadas,
Denise M. Monack,
Aijaz Ahmed,
Debashis Sahoo,
Mark M. Davis,
Jeffrey S. Glenn,
Tom Adomati,
Karl S. Lang,
Irving L. Weissman,
Kim J. Hasenkrug
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
mbio
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2161-2129
pISSN - 2150-7511
DOI - 10.1128/mbio.01293-20
Subject(s) - immune system , pattern recognition receptor , innate immune system , immunology , downregulation and upregulation , proinflammatory cytokine , biology , cd47 , acquired immune system , virology , inflammation , gene , biochemistry
Immune responses to infectious agents are initiated when a pathogen or its components bind to pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). PRR binding sets off a cascade of events that activates immune responses. We now show that, in addition to activating immune responses, PRR signaling also initiates an immunosuppressive response, probably to limit inflammation. The importance of the current findings is that blockade of immunomodulatory signaling, which is mediated by the upregulation of the CD47 molecule, can lead to enhanced immune responses to any pathogen that triggers PRR signaling. Since most or all pathogens trigger PRRs, CD47 blockade could be used to speed up and strengthen both innate and adaptive immune responses when medically indicated. Such immunotherapy could be done without a requirement for knowing the HLA type of the individual, the specific antigens of the pathogen, or, in the case of bacterial infections, the antimicrobial resistance profile.