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Histatin 5 Initiates Osmotic Stress Response in Candida albicans via Activation of the Hog1 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway
Author(s) -
Slavena Vylkova,
Woong Sik Jang,
Wansheng Li,
Namrata Nayyar,
Mira Edgerton
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
eukaryotic cell
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 1535-9778
pISSN - 1535-9786
DOI - 10.1128/ec.00039-07
Subject(s) - osmotic shock , candida albicans , biology , mapk/erk pathway , protein kinase a , kinase , microbiology and biotechnology , mitogen activated protein kinase , corpus albicans , biochemistry , gene
Histatin 5 (Hst 5) is a salivary cationic peptide that has toxicity forCandida albicans by inducing rapid cellular ion imbalance and cell volume loss. Microarray analyses of peptide-treated cells were used to evaluate global gene responses elicited by Hst 5. The major transcriptional response ofC. albicans to Hst 5 was expression of genes involved in adaptation to osmotic stress, including production of glycerol (RHR2 ,SKO1 , andPDC11 ) and the general stress response (CTA1 andHSP70 ). The oxidative-stress genesAHP1 ,TRX1 , andGPX1 were mildly induced by Hst 5. Cell defense against Hst 5 was dependent on the Hog1 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, sinceC. albicans hog1/hog1 mutants were significantly hypersensitive to Hst 5 but not to Mkc1 MAPK or Cek1 MAPK mutants. Activation of the high-osmolarity glycerol (HOG) pathway was demonstrated by phosphorylation of Hog1 MAPK as well as by glycerol production following Hst 5 treatment in a dose-dependent manner.C. albicans cells prestressed with sorbitol were less sensitive to subsequent Hst 5 treatment; however, cells treated concurrently with osmotic stress and Hst 5 were hypersensitive to Hst 5. In contrast, cells subjected to oxidative stress had no difference in sensitivity to Hst 5. These results suggest a common underlying cellular response to osmotic stress and Hst 5. The HOG stress response pathway likely represents a significant and effective challenge to physiological levels of Hst 5 and other toxic peptides in fungal cells.

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