Normal Free Interleukin-18 (IL-18) Plasma Levels in Dengue Virus Infection and the Need To Measure Both Total IL-18 and IL-18 Binding Protein Levels | Zendy

Meta Michels | Zendy; Quirijn de Mast | Zendy; Mihai G. Netea | Zendy; Leo A. B. Joosten | Zendy; Charles A. Dinarello | Zendy; PANDJI IRANI FIANZA RUDIMAN | Zendy; Sylvia Sinarta | Zendy; Rudi Wisaksana | Zendy; Bachti Alisjahbana | Zendy; André van der Ven | Zendy

Open Access

Normal Free Interleukin-18 (IL-18) Plasma Levels in Dengue Virus Infection and the Need To Measure Both Total IL-18 and IL-18 Binding Protein Levels

Author(s) -

Meta Michels,

Quirijn de Mast,

Mihai G. Netea,

Leo A. B. Joosten,

Charles A. Dinarello,

PANDJI IRANI FIANZA RUDIMAN,

Sylvia Sinarta,

Rudi Wisaksana,

Bachti Alisjahbana,

André van der Ven

Publication year - 2015

Publication title -

clinical and vaccine immunology

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 1.649

H-Index - 77

eISSN - 1556-6811

pISSN - 1556-679X

DOI - 10.1128/cvi.00147-15

Subject(s) - dengue fever , proinflammatory cytokine , dengue virus , leptospirosis , immunology , interleukin 18 , cytokine storm , cytokine , virology , interleukin 6 , medicine , biology , inflammation , disease , infectious disease (medical specialty) , covid-19

Activated monocytes/macrophages and T lymphocytes that produce a cytokine storm are assumed to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of dengue. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is increased during dengue and known to induce gamma interferon (IFN-γ), which is crucial for dengue immune response. No data are available regarding the balance between IL-18 and its natural inhibitor IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) and how they interact within the inflammatory reaction of patients with dengue virus infections. Circulating levels of IL-18; IL-18BP; free, biologically active IL-18; the IL-18-dependent proinflammatory cytokine IFN-γ; monocyte-derived cytokines; and ferritin were assessed in adult Indonesian dengue patients (n = 95). Healthy individuals (n = 22) and leptospirosis (n = 19) and enteric fever (n = 6) patients served as controls. Total IL-18 levels were increased during dengue, leptospirosis, and enteric fever compared to healthy controls. However, due to a concurrent increase in IL-18BP levels, biologically active IL-18 levels remained similar in the different phases of dengue and in patients with leptospirosis. Biologically active IL-18 levels were also similar in patients with severe and nonsevere dengue. In conclusion, high total IL-18 and IL-18BP levels concur in dengue virus infections, leptospirosis, and enteric fever. This resulted in unchanged levels of free, biologically active IL-18 in dengue and leptospirosis, which underlines the importance of measuring both IL-18 and IL-18BP when studying the role of IL-18 in diseases.

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