Open AccessIn vitro activities of miconazole, miconazole nitrate, and ketoconazole alone and combined with rifampin against Candida spp. and Torulopsis glabrata recovered from cancer patients
Author(s) -
Mark Moody,
Viola Maye Young,
Margaret J. Morris,
Stephen C. Schimpff
Publication year - 1980
Publication title -
antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.07
H-Index - 259
eISSN - 1070-6283
pISSN - 0066-4804
DOI - 10.1128/aac.17.5.871
Subject(s) - miconazole , miconazole nitrate , ketoconazole , candida krusei , microbiology and biotechnology , candida tropicalis , agar dilution , candida glabrata , candida albicans , minimum inhibitory concentration , biology , chemistry , pharmacology , antimicrobial , antifungal
A total of 440 fresh clinical isolates of yeasts from cancer patients were tested by an agar dilution technique against miconazole, miconazole nitrate, and ketoconazole individually and combined with 5 micrograms of rifampin per ml. Most strains of Candida albicans were susceptible to 0.5 microgram or less of the imidazoles per ml. Candida tropicalis required 2 to 4 micrograms of miconazole and its nitrate base per ml for inhibition and was resistant to ketoconazole. The 100% minimal inhibitory concentration of the imidazoles for Candida krusei was 1 microgram/ml. Susceptibility to 4 micrograms of miconazole and miconazole nitrate per ml occurred in 73 and 87% of Torulopsis glabrata strains, respectively, and none was susceptible to ketoconazole. Miconazole was most effective against the Candida spp., whereas its nitrate base was most active against T. glabrata. Synergy was observed when rifampin was combined with miconazole and miconazole nitrate but was not observed when rifampin was combined with ketoconazole. Synergy occurred most frequently when rifampin was combined with miconazole nitrate.