Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection associated with emergence of Omicron in South Africa | Zendy

Juliet R. C. Pulliam | Zendy; Cari van Schalkwyk | Zendy; Nevashan Govender | Zendy; Anne von Gottberg | Zendy; Cheryl Cohen | Zendy; Michelle J. Groome | Zendy; Jonathan Dushoff | Zendy; Koleka Mlisana | Zendy; Harry Moultrie | Zendy

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Increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection associated with emergence of Omicron in South Africa

Author(s) -

Juliet R. C. Pulliam,

Cari van Schalkwyk,

Nevashan Govender,

Anne von Gottberg,

Cheryl Cohen,

Michelle J. Groome,

Jonathan Dushoff,

Koleka Mlisana,

Harry Moultrie

Publication year - 2022

Publication title -

science

Language(s) - English

Resource type - Journals

SCImago Journal Rank - 12.556

H-Index - 1186

eISSN - 1095-9203

pISSN - 0036-8075

DOI - 10.1126/science.abn4947

Subject(s) - covid-19 , virology , pneumonia , population , coronavirus , middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus , medicine , immunology , biology , environmental health , disease , infectious disease (medical specialty)

Here, we provide two methods for monitoring reinfection trends in routine surveillance data to identify signatures of changes in reinfection risk and apply these approaches to data from South Africa’s SARS-CoV-2 epidemic to date. While we found no evidence of increased reinfection risk associated with circulation of Beta (B.1.351) or Delta (B.1.617.2) variants, we find clear, population-level evidence to suggest immune evasion by the Omicron (B.1.1.529) variant in previously infected individuals in South Africa. Reinfections occurring between 01 November 2021 and 31 January 2022 were detected in individuals infected in all three previous waves, and there has been an increase in the risk of having a third infection since mid-November 2021.

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