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Po‐Thur Eve General‐25: Development of a Tissue Sample Analysis System Using Diffraction Enhanced Imaging and Small and Wide Angle Scattering
Author(s) -
Bewer B,
Chapman D,
Cunningham I
Publication year - 2006
Publication title -
medical physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.473
H-Index - 180
eISSN - 2473-4209
pISSN - 0094-2405
DOI - 10.1118/1.2244652
Subject(s) - scattering , optics , diffraction , absorption (acoustics) , materials science , contrast (vision) , synchrotron radiation , medical imaging , crystal (programming language) , physics , computer science , artificial intelligence , programming language
Current methods of x‐ray imaging, whether it is a dental x‐ray or an image of a broken bone, use absorption properties of the body for contrast in the image. This reliance on absorption to obtain an image creates problems when the soft tissues of the body are the subjects of interest. The difficulty in obtaining suitable contrast image is particularly challenging when the difference in absorption properties of two adjacent tissues are small. This challenge of obtaining a high contrast soft tissue image requires revisiting the processes of radiation interaction. The common x‐ray interactions within the diagnostic energy range are: 1) the photoelectric effect; 2) Compton scattering; and 3) Coherent scattering. For absorption x‐ray techniques the first process, the photoelectric effect, is responsible for the contrast in the image. The remaining processes of x‐ray interaction, scattering, degrade the absorption image and efforts are made to remove scattering from absorption images in the form of anti‐scatter grids and are somewhat effective. In recent years however techniques have emerged that are not degraded by scattering or even use scatter as a method of analysis and imaging. The first technique is diffraction enhanced imaging and uses x‐ray crystal diffraction as a method of removing scatter. The choice of the crystal diffraction plane will determine the level of scatter rejection. The second method is small and wide angle x‐ray scattering, (SAXS, WAXS). In this technique the unique scatter patterns from various tissues are used to form an image.