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Composition of MRI phantom equivalent to human tissues
Author(s) -
Kato Hirokazu,
Kuroda Masahiro,
Yoshimura Koichi,
Yoshida Atsushi,
Hanamoto Katsumi,
Kawasaki Shoji,
Shibuya Koichi,
Kanazawa Susumu
Publication year - 2005
Publication title -
medical physics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.473
H-Index - 180
eISSN - 2473-4209
pISSN - 0094-2405
DOI - 10.1118/1.2047807
Subject(s) - imaging phantom , biomedical engineering , materials science , agarose , t2 relaxation , nuclear magnetic resonance , nuclear medicine , magnetic resonance imaging , chemistry , medicine , physics , radiology , chromatography
We previously developed two new MRI phantoms (called the CAG phantom and the CAGN phantom), with T1 and T2 relaxation times equivalent to those of any human tissue at 1.5 T . The conductivity of the CAGN phantom is equivalent to that of most types of human tissue in the frequency range of 1 to 130 MHz . In this paper, the relaxation times of human tissues are summarized, and the composition of the corresponding phantoms are provided in table form. The ingredients of these phantoms are carrageenan as the gelling agent, Gd Cl 3as a T1 modifier, agarose as a T2 modifier, NaCl (CAGN phantom only) as a conductivity modifier, Na N 3as an antiseptic, and distilled water. The phantoms have T1 values of 202 – 1904 ms and T2 values of 38 – 423 ms when the concentrations of Gd Cl 3and agarose are varied from 0 – 140 μ mol ∕ kg , and 0%–1.6%, respectively, and the CAGN phantom has a conductivity of 0.27 – 1.26 S ∕ m when the NaCl concentration is varied from 0%–0.7%. These phantoms have sufficient strength to replicate a torso without the use of reinforcing agents, and can be cut by a knife into any shape. We anticipate the CAGN phantom to be highly useful and practical for MRI and hyperthermia‐related research.