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Mitochondrial ATP‐sensitive K + channels, protectors of the heart
Author(s) -
Yamada Mitsuhiko
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
the journal of physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.802
H-Index - 240
eISSN - 1469-7793
pISSN - 0022-3751
DOI - 10.1113/jphysiol.2009.179028
Subject(s) - sarcolemma , chemistry , biophysics , membrane potential , potassium channel , myocyte , electrochemical gradient , intracellular , inner mitochondrial membrane , mitochondrion , cardiac action potential , ion channel , biochemistry , membrane , microbiology and biotechnology , electrophysiology , medicine , biology , repolarization , receptor
ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels were first identified in the sarcolemma of cardiac myocytes as inwardly rectifying K+ channels that were inhibited by intracellular ATP (Noma, 1983). It was proposed that KATP channels would have a cardioprotective effect during ischaemia by shortening action potential duration and thereby decreasing Ca2+ influx into myocytes. Then it was found that K+ channel opener compounds (KCOs), that are known to activate sarcolemmal KATP channels, exert cardioprotective effects under ischaemia–reperfusion (Grover et al. 1989; Grover & Garlid, 2000). However, several groups of investigators found that KCOs exerted cardioprotection at concentrations below those causing action potential shortening (Yao & Gross, 1994; Grover et al. 1995a,b; Garlid et al. 1997), indicating that KCOs may have targets other than sarcolemmal KATP channels. Alternative targets for KCOs include mitochondrial KATP (mitoKATP) channels (Grover & Garlid, 2000).