Open AccessEffects of oxidation and cytosolic redox conditions on excitation-contraction coupling in rat skeletal muscle
Author(s) -
Giuseppe Saverio Posterino,
Maria. Cellini,
Graham D. Lamb
Publication year - 2003
Publication title -
journal of physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.802
H-Index - 240
eISSN - 1469-7793
pISSN - 0022-3751
DOI - 10.1113/jphysiol.2002.035204
Subject(s) - dithiothreitol , glutathione , chemistry , biophysics , skeletal muscle , contraction (grammar) , depolarization , caffeine , stimulation , long term potentiation , cytosol , muscle contraction , redox , biochemistry , anatomy , endocrinology , inorganic chemistry , biology , enzyme , receptor
In this study the effects of oxidation and reduction on various steps in the excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling sequence was examined in mammalian skeletal muscle. In mechanically skinned fast-twitch fibres, electric field stimulation was used to generate action potentials in the sealed transverse-tubular (T-) system, thereby eliciting twitch responses, which are a sensitive measure of Ca2+ release. Treatment of fibres with the oxidant H2O2 (200 microM and 10 mM) for 2-5 min markedly potentiated caffeine-induced Ca2+ release and the force response to partial depolarisation of the T-system (by solution substitution). Importantly, such H2O2 treatment had no effect at all on any aspect of the twitch response (peak amplitude, rate of rise, decay rate constant and half-width), except in cases where it interfered with the T-system potential or voltage-sensor activation, resulting in a reduction or abolition of the twitch response. Exposure to strong thiol reductants, dithiothreitol (DTT, 10 mM) and reduced glutathione (GSH, 5 mM), did not affect the twitch response over 5 min, nor did varying the glutathione ratio (reduced to oxidised glutathione) from the level present endogenously in the cytosol of a rested fibre (30:1) to the comparatively oxidised level of 3:1. In fibres that had been oxidised by H2O2 (10 mM) (or by 2,2'-dithiodipyridine, 100 microM), exposure to GSH (5 mM) caused potentiation of twitch force (by approximately 20 % for H2O2); this effect was due to the increase in the Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile apparatus that occurs under such circumstances and was fully reversed by subsequent exposure to 10 mM DTT. We conclude that: (a) the redox potential across the sarcomplamsic reticulum has no noticeable direct effect on normal E-C coupling in mammalian skeletal muscle, (b) oxidising the Ca2+-release channels and greatly increasing their sensitivity to Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release does not alter the amount of Ca2+ released by an action potential and (c) oxidation potentiates twitches by a GSH-mediated increase in the Ca2+ sensitivity of the contractile apparatus.