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Cardiac titin: an adjustable multi‐functional spring
Author(s) -
Granzier Henk,
Labeit Siegfried
Publication year - 2002
Publication title -
the journal of physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.802
H-Index - 240
eISSN - 1469-7793
pISSN - 0022-3751
DOI - 10.1113/jphysiol.2001.014381
Subject(s) - titin , obscurin , spring (device) , myosin , actin , biophysics , sarcomere , stiffness , microbiology and biotechnology , myocyte , chemistry , biology , materials science , physics , composite material , thermodynamics
The giant elastic protein titin contains a molecular spring segment that underlies the majority of myocardial passive stiffness. The mechanical characteristics of this spring may be tuned to match changing mechanical demands placed on muscle, using mechanisms that operate on different time scales and that include post‐transcriptional and post‐translational processes. Recent work also suggests that titin performs roles that go beyond passive stiffness generation. In contracting myocardium, titin may modulate actomyosin interaction by a titin‐based alteration of the distance between myosin heads and actin. Furthermore, novel ligands have been identified that link titin to membrane channels, protein turnover and gene expression. This review highlights that titin is a versatile and adjustable spring with a range of important functions in passive and contracting myocardium.