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Eye movements due to linear accelerations in the rabbit.
Author(s) -
Baarsma E A,
Collewijn H
Publication year - 1975
Publication title -
the journal of physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.802
H-Index - 240
eISSN - 1469-7793
pISSN - 0022-3751
DOI - 10.1113/jphysiol.1975.sp010842
Subject(s) - acceleration , linear acceleration , sagittal plane , physics , amplitude , rotation (mathematics) , transverse plane , swing , vestibulo–ocular reflex , eye movement , phase (matter) , phase lag , reflex , mechanics , optics , control theory (sociology) , mathematics , mathematical analysis , acoustics , anatomy , classical mechanics , geometry , medicine , ophthalmology , computer science , control (management) , quantum mechanics , artificial intelligence
1. Compensatory vertical or torsional eye movements of rabbits caused by linear accelerations along the transverse or sagittal axis were measured. Sinusoidal accelerations (parallel swing) in a frequency range of 0–068‐‐1–22 Hz and acceleration steps (linear track) of 0–02‐‐0–11 g were applied. 2. On the parallel swing, properties of the maculo‐ocular reflexes were similar for transverse and sagittal acceleration. Gain (rotation of eye/rotation of the resultant linear vector) proved to be very low: about 0–1 for 0–3 Hz and smaller than 0–01 for frequencies above 1‐0 Hz. The decrease in gain was accompanied by an increase in phase lag to about 180degrees. No non‐linearity was revealed by the use of different amplitudes (10–−30 cm). 3. On the linear track, eye deviation after an acceleration step took many seconds to develop fully. Gain increased with time and was about 0–65 after 5 sec. 4. The results indicate that the responses of the otoliths, as reflected in maculo‐ocular reactions, are very slow. Fluctuations in the direction of gravity seem to be averaged over several seconds by the system. This may explain that erratic linear accelerations(frequency greater than 1 Hz) during locomotion or transport do not lead to eye movements or disorientation.