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Reactive oxygen species are signalling molecules for skeletal muscle adaptation
Author(s) -
Powers Scott K.,
Duarte Jose,
Kavazis Andreas N.,
Talbert Erin E.
Publication year - 2010
Publication title -
experimental physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.925
H-Index - 101
eISSN - 1469-445X
pISSN - 0958-0670
DOI - 10.1113/expphysiol.2009.050526
Subject(s) - skeletal muscle , reactive oxygen species , signalling , microbiology and biotechnology , transcription factor , redox , biology , adaptation (eye) , hedgehog signaling pathway , signal transduction , biochemistry , chemistry , endocrinology , neuroscience , gene , organic chemistry
Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is crucial to the remodelling that occurs in skeletal muscle in response to both exercise training and prolonged periods of disuse. This review discusses the redox‐sensitive signalling pathways that are responsible for this ROS‐induced skeletal muscle adaptation. We begin with a discussion of the sites of ROS production in skeletal muscle fibres. This is followed by an overview of the putative redox‐sensitive signalling pathways that promote skeletal muscle adaptation. Specifically, this discussion highlights redox‐sensitive kinases, phosphatases and the transcription factor nuclear factor‐κB. We also discuss the evidence that connects redox signalling to skeletal muscle adaptation in response to increased muscular activity (i.e. exercise training) and during prolonged periods of muscular inactivity (i.e. immobilization). In an effort to stimulate further research, we conclude with a discussion of unanswered questions about redox signalling in skeletal muscle.