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ACTION OF THE MITRAL AND AORTIC VALVES IN VIVO STUDIED BY ENDOSCOPIC CINE PHOTOGRAPHY
Author(s) -
Hider C. F.,
Taylor D. E. M.,
Wade J. D.
Publication year - 1966
Publication title -
quarterly journal of experimental physiology and cognate medical sciences
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.925
H-Index - 101
eISSN - 1469-445X
pISSN - 0033-5541
DOI - 10.1113/expphysiol.1966.sp001870
Subject(s) - mitral valve , diastole , medicine , cardiology , systole , perfusion , cardiac cycle , aortic valve , anatomy , blood pressure
The movements of the mitral and aortic valves within the dog's heart in its normal anatomical position have been studied by cinephotography using a cardiac endoscope. A method of artificial perfusion of the heart is described which provides optical clarity for up to five minutes of normal heart action; for times longer than this the heart still beats well, but is considered to be failing. A comparison of valve action at two different kinematic viscosities, 0·7 and 3·4 cSt., has been made. The main difference is in the stability of the mitral valve edges during diastolic filling: a fluttering motion occurs at the edges with the low viscosity perfusion, but the valve edges remain stable when a perfusate of blood viscosity is used. A possible relation between these observations and changes in flow pattern at high rates of cardiac output is discussed. The movements of both mitral and aortic valves are rapid, taking less than 9 msec. for closure of both, and between 9 and 27 msec. for opening of both. The mitral valve does not show marked bulging into the atrium during ventricular systole, neither is any preߚsystolic flick observed. The mechanism of the valve movements observed is discussed and observations on mitral valves after papillary muscle inactivation are briefly reported.