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Exercise modality effect on oxygen uptake off‐transient kinetics at maximal oxygen uptake intensity
Author(s) -
Sousa Ana,
Rodríguez Ferran A.,
Machado Leandro,
VilasBoas J. Paulo,
Fernandes Ricardo J.
Publication year - 2015
Publication title -
experimental physiology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.925
H-Index - 101
eISSN - 1469-445X
pISSN - 0958-0670
DOI - 10.1113/ep085014
Subject(s) - rowing , cycling , kinetics , intensity (physics) , oxygen , vo2 max , chemistry , respiratory exchange ratio , heart rate , physical therapy , zoology , cardiology , physical medicine and rehabilitation , medicine , physics , blood pressure , archaeology , organic chemistry , quantum mechanics , biology , history
New FindingsWhat is the central question of this study? Do the mechanical differences between swimming, rowing, running and cycling have a potential effect on the oxygen uptake ( V ̇ O 2 ) off‐kinetics after an exercise sustained until exhaustion at 100% of maximal oxygen uptake ( V ̇O 2 max ) intensity?What is the main finding and its importance? The mechanical differences between exercise modes had a potential effect and contributed to distinct amplitude of the fast component (higher in running compared with cycling) and time constant (higher in swimming compared with rowing and cycling) in theV ̇ O 2off‐kinetic patterns at 100% ofV ̇O 2 maxintensity. This suggests that swimmers, unlike rowers and cyclists, would benefit more from a longer duration of training intervals after each set of exercise performed atV ̇O 2 maxintensity.The kinetics of oxygen uptake ( V ̇ O 2 ) during recovery (off‐transient kinetics) for different exercise modes is largely unexplored, hampering the prescription of training and recovery to enhance performance. The purpose of this study was to compare theV ̇ O 2off‐transient kinetics response between swimmers, rowers, runners and cyclists during their specific mode of exercise at 100% of maximal oxygen uptake ( V ̇O 2 max ) intensity and to examine the on–off symmetry. Groups of swimmers, rowers, runners and cyclists ( n = 8 per group) performed (i) an incremental exercise protocol to assess the velocity or power associated withV ̇O 2 max( v V ̇O 2 maxor w V ̇O 2 max, respectively) and (ii) a square‐wave exercise transition from rest tov V ̇O 2 max/v V ̇O 2 maxw V ̇O 2 maxw V ̇O 2 maxuntil volitional exhaustion. Pulmonary exchange parameters were measured using a telemetric portable gas analyser (K4b 2 ; Cosmed, Rome, Italy), and the on‐ and off‐transient kinetics were analysed through a double‐exponential approach. For all exercise modes, both transient periods were symmetrical in shape once they had both been adequately fitted by a double‐exponential model. However, differences were found in the off‐kinetic parameters between exercise modes; the amplitude of the fast component of theV ̇ O 2off‐response was higher in running compared with cycling (48 ± 5 and 36 ± 7 ml kg −1 min −1 , respectively; P < 0.001), and the time constant of the same phase was higher in swimming compared with rowing and cycling (63 ± 5, 56 ± 5 and 55 ± 3 s, respectively; P < 0.001). Although both phases were well described by a double‐exponential model, the differences between exercise modes had a potential effect and contributed to distinctV ̇ O 2off‐transient kinetic patterns at 100% ofV ̇O 2 maxintensity.