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Multilocus phylogeny of the widely distributed South American lizard clade E ulaemus (Liolaemini, Liolaemus )
Author(s) -
Olave Melisa,
Avila Luciano J.,
Sites Jack W.,
Morando Mariana
Publication year - 2014
Publication title -
zoologica scripta
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.204
H-Index - 64
eISSN - 1463-6409
pISSN - 0300-3256
DOI - 10.1111/zsc.12053
Subject(s) - clade , biology , subgenus , phylogenetic tree , evolutionary biology , phylogenetics , zoology , genus , genetics , gene
The lizard genus L iolaemus and different clades within it have been the focus of several recent phylogenetic studies mainly based on morphology and mt DNA . Although there is general consensus for recognizing two clades (subgenera) within the genus, [ L iolaemus ( sensu stricto ) and E ulaemus ], phylogenetic relationships within each subgenus remain difficult to elucidate, given incomplete taxonomic sampling and large discordance between published studies. Here, new phylogenetic relationships for the E ulaemus subgenus are proposed based on the largest molecular data set ever used for this clade, which includes 188 individuals and 14 loci representing different parts of the genome (mt DNA , anonymous nuclear loci and nuclear protein‐coding loci). This data set was analysed using two species tree approaches (* beast and MDC). Levels of discordance among methods were found, and with previously published studies, but results are robust enough to propose new phylogenetic hypotheses for the E ulaemus clade. Specifically well‐resolved and well‐supported novel hypotheses are provided within the lineomaculatus section, and we formally recognize the zullyae clade, the sarmientoi clade and the hatcheri group. We also resolve species relationships within the montanus section, and particularly within the melanops series. We found discordance between mitochondrial and nuclear trees and discussed alternative hypotheses for the lineomaculatus and montanus sections, as well as the challenge in resolving phylogenetic relationships for large clades in general.